4000 Essential English Words 4 Unit 23: How the Dinosaurs Really Died
Question 1 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
A professor at a university is probably ______.
A | a majority |
B | an intellectual |
C | a controversy |
D | a factor |
Question 2 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
If every member of a family has a disease, the disease is ______.
A | accurate |
B | identical |
C | vast |
D | genetic |
Question 3 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
What would a farmer do if bugs were eating his plants?
A | Use a pesticide |
B | Find a mammal |
C | Raise offspring |
D | Become a vegetarian |
Question 4 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
What is something that scientists do?
A | Analyze chemicals |
B | Multiply books |
C | Reinforce messages |
D | Regulate businesses |
Question 5 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
Which word is related to the term “outer space”?
A | Stricken |
B | Evolve |
C | Genome |
D | Asteroid |
Question 6 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
What happens when something evolves?
A | It studies more. |
B | It disagrees. |
C | It changes. |
D | It gets stronger. |
Question 7 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
Which of these is a mammal?
A | A chicken |
B | A snake |
C | A spider |
D | A monkey |
Question 8 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
What would a vegetarian eat?
A | Steak |
B | Sausage |
C | Chicken |
D | Corn |
Question 9 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
If something is accurate, it is ______.
A | long |
B | false |
C | correct |
D | mysterious |
Question 10 |
Choose the answer that best fits the question.
Which of these is usually considered vast?
A | The sky |
B | A bedroom |
C | A pool |
D | The newspaper |
Question 11 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The cheaper blouse is nearly identical _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 12 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The zoo is full of mammals _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 13 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The computer has evolved from _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 14 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
My teacher said that asteroids _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 15 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
Many pesticides that are used on _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 16 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The woman reinforced her statement _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 17 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The doctor analyzes the daily report _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 18 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The vast space of the room was _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 19 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
My report on animal genomes _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 20 |
Match the phrases to make complete sentences.
The accident left her stricken _____.
a. will be printed in a science textbook
b. about each patient
c. with two broken legs and an injured arm
d. that come from all over the world
e. with an example from a scientific study
f. a big machine to a tiny one
g. to the one I found in that expensive store
h. are made of rock, ice and metal
i. big enough to fit at least 5,000 people
j. crops cause illnesses in humans
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 21 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
A small group of kids wanted pizza, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 22 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
I don’t read gossip magazines _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 23 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
The people in this department can’t be trusted, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 24 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
There are many things to consider about the car, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 25 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
The sisters both had the strange disease, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 26 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
James thought he made the right choice, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 27 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
Pam served steak and potatoes to Ben, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 28 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
Alice is a short woman, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 29 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
I thought it would take weeks for them to grow, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 30 |
Match the clauses to make complete sentences.
Daniel loves sports and parties, _____.
a. but the flowers multiplied fast
b. but the majority wanted hamburgers
c. so dad thought it was genetic
d. but she didn’t know he was a vegetarian
e. since the news isn’t accurate
f. but the most important factor is its price
g. but her offspring are very tall
h. but his brother is more of an intellectual
i. but it caused a lot of controversy
j. so we must regulate their actions
A | A |
B | B |
C | C |
D | D |
E | E |
F | F |
G | G |
H | H |
I | İ |
J | J |
Question 31 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
Some scientists think the asteroid theory isn’t accurate.
A | TRUE |
B | FALSE |
Question 32 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
A huge creature may have been the biggest factor in the death of these tiny insects.
A | TRUE |
B | FALSE |
Question 33 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides.
A | TRUE |
B | FALSE |
Question 34 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
A vast majority of mosquitoes, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
A | TRUE |
B | FALSE |
Question 35 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
In addition, scientists have found the genetic material of mammals in fossils.
A | TRUE |
B | FALSE |
Question 36 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
Many dinosaurs ate mammals.
A | TRUE |
B | FALSE |
Question 37 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
What might have been the biggest factor in the dinosaurs’ death?
A | Their genetic material |
B | An asteroid |
C | Other animals |
D | Mosquitoes |
Question 38 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
What do we do to regulate the number of mosquitoes?
A | We use pesticides. |
B | We feed them to vegetarians. |
C | We kill their offspring. |
D | We analyze their genomes. |
Question 39 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
How did the mosquitoes spread the deadly disease?
A | They produced offspring |
B | They bit many dinosaurs. |
C | They ate birds. |
D | They multiplied quickly. |
Question 40 |
HOW THE DINOSAURS REALLY DIED
Many scientists and intellectuals think that dinosaurs died when an asteroid smashed into the Earth millions of years ago. However, recently, there has been some controversy over this theory. Some scientists think that it isn’t accurate. They think that a tiny insect may have been the biggest factor in the death of these huge creatures. That insect was the mosquito.
These scientists do think that an asteroid hit the Earth in the time of the dinosaurs. But that wasn’t what killed all of them. At that time, insects, including the mosquito, were beginning to evolve. Today, we can regulate the number of mosquitoes with pesticides. But that was impossible millions of years ago. The mosquitoes multiplied quickly. And they were certainly not idle. Since there were so many mosquitoes, it was easy for them to bite many of the dinosaurs. When they bit another living thing, the mosquitoes passed along a deadly disease. So the dinosaurs were stricken with the disease. A vast majority of them, from vegetarians to meat-eaters, died.
To reinforce this idea, scientists stress how gradually the dinosaurs died. If an asteroid killed them, they would have died very quickly. But the number of dinosaurs decreased slowly. In addition, scientists have found genetic material of mosquitoes in fossils. This material proves that mosquitoes existed back then. Although there may have been other factors, the dinosaurs died mainly because of disease, the scientists say.
No matter how it happened, the dinosaurs’ death had a major impact on other living things. Many dinosaurs ate mammals. After the dinosaurs died, mammals were able to evolve and produce offspring. Birds also evolved. Scientists have analyzed the genomes of birds, and they discovered that birds have the identical genetic material to some dinosaurs. So there may still be dinosaurs among us after all.
What proves that mosquitoes were around at the same time as dinosaurs?
A | Genetic material in fossils |
B | Similar modern insects |
C | Fossils of dinosaurs |
D | Other disease-stricken animals |
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26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 |
36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 |
End |
Word List
- accurate [ˈækjərit] adj.
If something is accurate, it is completely correct.
→ The story in the newspaper wasn’t very accurate.
- analyze [ˈænəlaiz] v.
To analyze something is to study it.
→ The scientist will analyze the blood sample.
- asteroid [ˈæstərɔɪd] n.
An asteroid is a giant rock from outer space.
→ In 1908, a giant asteroid hit Siberia.
- controversy [kɒnˈtrəvə:rsɪ] n.
A controversy is a dispute about something that affects many people.
→ There has been a lot of controversy over the judge’s decision.
- evolve [iˈvɒlv] v.
To evolve is to change over time.
→ Many people think that humans evolved from animals.
- factor [ˈfæktər] n.
A factor is something that has an effect on the way another thing happens.
→ Smoking is the main factor that causes lung cancer.
- genetic [dʒiˈnetik] adj.
If something is genetic, it is related to the genes in one’s body.
→ The color of one’s eyes is genetic.
- genome [ˈdʒiːnoum] n.
A genome is the collection of all the genes in a living thing.
→ Understanding the human genome may help cure many diseases.
- identical [aiˈdentikəl] adj.
To be identical is to be the same as someone or something else.
→ James and John are identical twins.
- intellectual [ˌɪntəˈlektjuəl] n.
An intellectual is a very smart person.
→ We’ve always considered my Uncle Max the intellectual of the family.
- majority [məˈdʒɔ(:)rətɪ] n.
A majority of something is almost all of the people or things in that group.
→ A majority of the people voted for Tom Smith in the election.
- mammal [ˈmæməl] n.
A mammal is an animal that usually has hair and is not born from an egg.
→ Even though it lives in the water, whales are actually mammals.
- multiply [ˈmʌltəplai] v.
To multiply is to increase in number.
→ In the past year, the number of people at work multiplied by ten percent.
- offspring [ˈɔ:fspriŋ] n.
Offspring are the children of a person or the babies of an animal.
→ The dog’s offspring had the same color of fur as she did.
- pesticide [ˈpestəsaid] n.
A pesticide is a substance used to kill insects.
→ The farmer sprayed his crops with a pesticide to keep bugs away.
- regulate [ˈregjəleit] v.
To regulate something is to control how it happens.
→ The bank regulates how much money people can borrow from it.
- reinforce [riːinˈfoːrs] v.
To reinforce something is to make it stronger.
→ Peter reinforced his opinion with information from a book.
- stricken [ˈstrikən] adj.
If one is stricken by a disease or problem, they are badly affected by it.
→ Mike was stricken with a horrible illness.
- vast [væst] adj.
If something is vast, it is very large.
→ The wealthy man bought a vast amount of land in the countryside.
- vegetarian [ˌvedʒəˈtɛəriən] n.
A vegetarian is someone who does not eat any meat products.
→ I became a vegetarian because I don’t like the taste of meat.